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Parasitic infection , Transmitted to humans by the bite of a mosquito, Develops and multiplies inside the mosquito, Serious morbidity and, if untreated, high levels of mortality.
Malaria kills more people than any other communicable disease except tuberculosis”.
- “Malaria is the the largest single disease in Africa and a primary cause of poverty”.
Malaria derived from the Italian expression “mala area” i.e “bad air” associated with mashes where mosquitos breed. First recorded mention is from 1500 BC in China and Egypt.
Once common in Northern Europe – England and Scandinavia. Eradicated from Italy only around the end of World War II Late 1950s cases in Canada and Alaska. |
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The circulation is a closed system in which the blood is driven by the pumping of the heart. Pressure within this system is the product of two opposing forces – the output of the heart and the resistance to flow offered by the closed system. The pumping of the heart is intermittent, with two distinct phases:
- Diastole, when the chambers of the heart relax, and
- Systole, when the heart muscle contracts, ejecting blood into the major arteries.
Thus blood pressure is not constant: it pulsates, with an upper (systolic) and lower (diastolic) value.
Hypertension is a condition in which arterial blood pressure is consistently raised, with systolic values of 140 mm Hg or higher and/or diastolic values of 90 mm Hg or higher. Hypertension may be purely systolic, purely diastolic, or both systolic and diastolic. Isolated systolic hypertension is more often observed in the elderly than in middle-aged |
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